Medicine Solomon Islands

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Medicine Solomon Islands: Latest medical news from Solomon Islands

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Biocultural interpretations of trauma in two prehistoric Pacific Island populations from Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. - Scott RM, Buckley HR.
Sun, 14 Feb 2010 15:28:37 +0100 | SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated)
Two Pacific Island skeletal samples originating from the inland site of Nebira, Papua New Guinea (1230-1650) and a coastal site on the small island of Taumako, Solomon Islands (1530-1698) were examined for evidence of skeletal trauma using a biocultural ap... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))

Effect of the Neuraminidase Mutation H274Y Conferring Resistance to Oseltamivir on the Replicative Capacity and Virulence of Old and Recent Human Influenza A(H1N1) Viruses
Mon, 25 Jan 2010 21:31:53 +0100 | The Journal of Infectious Diseases Latest Issue
Conclusions. The viral fitness of the recent A/Brisbane/59/2007‐like H274Y variant is not impaired, consistent with its global dissemination. These results reinforce the need for new antiviral strategies. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases Latest Issue)

Biocultural interpretations of trauma in two prehistoric Pacific Island populations from Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands
Wed, 20 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 | American Journal of Physical Anthropology
Two Pacific Island skeletal samples originating from the inland site of Nebira, Papua New Guinea (1230-1650) and a coastal site on the small island of Taumako, Solomon Islands (1530-1698) were examined for evidence of skeletal trauma using a biocultural approach. The types of trauma identified were cranial trauma, postcranial fractures, and piercing and sharp force trauma. Both samples exhibit trauma (Nebira, n = 9/28, 32.1%; Taumako, n = 17/133, 12.8%). Postcranial fractures are significantly higher in males from Nebira (Fisher Exact P value = 0.025). The prevalence of cranial trauma (n = 6/28, 21.4%) is significantly higher in Nebira individuals (Fisher Exact P value = 0.007). There is no conclusive evidence of piercing trauma at Nebira unlike Taumako, which has four individuals with evi...

Antimethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) activity of 'pacific propolis' and isolated prenylflavanones
Wed, 13 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 | Phytotherapy Research
This study was undertaken to purify and identify some anti-MRSA constituents from propolis, a natural product from the beehive traditionally used in folk medicine for its antimicrobial properties. A crude extract of propolis originating from the Solomon Islands ('Pacific propolis') was screened, using an agar dilution assay, in vitro against 15 MRSA clinical isolates. Results revealed activity worthy of further investigation, and subsequent purification work on this crude extract afforded 23 fractions. Further purification of active fractions led to the isolation of compounds 1-4, characterized upon analysis of their spectroscopic data (1D- and 2D-NMR, MS) and by comparison with the literature, as the prenylflavanones propolin H (1), propolin G (2), propolin D (3), and propolin C (4). This...

UNICEF Gears Up Relief Efforts To Tsunami-struck Solomon Islands
Thu, 07 Jan 2010 19:00:00 +0100 | Health News from Medical News Today
UNICEF Pacific is providing immediate support to the victims of a tsunami that hit Rendova and Tetepare Islands in the Solomon Islands on 4 January. UNICEF Pacific was already working in Gizo on reconstruction of schools affected by the 2007 tsunami. Following reports that Rendova Island has been severely affected with hundreds of houses damaged and large areas completely inundated the children's agency dispatched a rapid assessment team to Rendova and Tetepare Islands by boat There are 3600 people living on Rendova Island... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

UNICEF Gears Up Relief Efforts To Tsunami-struck Solomon Islands
Thu, 07 Jan 2010 19:00:00 +0100 | Aid / Disasters News From Medical News Today
UNICEF Pacific is providing immediate support to the victims of a tsunami that hit Rendova and Tetepare Islands in the Solomon Islands on 4 January. UNICEF Pacific was already working in Gizo on reconstruction of schools affected by the 2007 tsunami... (Source: Aid / Disasters News From Medical News Today)

A cluster randomized controlled cross-over bed net acceptability and preference trial in Solomon Islands: community participation in shaping policy for malaria elimination
Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 | Malaria Journal
Background: A key component of the malaria elimination strategy in Solomon Islands (SI) is widespread coverage of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). The success of this strategy is dependent on LLIN acceptability and compliance. There has been unresolved debate among policy makers and donors as to which type of LLIN would be most appropriate for large-scale distribution in SI, and anecdotal reports of a lack of acceptability of certain brands of LLINs. A cluster randomized controlled crossover bed net acceptability and preference trial was therefore carried out from July to September, 2008 to inform policy and to facilitate community engagement and participation in the selection of the most appropriate LLIN for use in SI.MethodA three-stage sampling method was used to randomly select ...

Implications of Urbanization for Artisanal Parrotfish Fisheries in the Western Solomon Islands.
Tue, 24 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 | Conservation Biology
Authors: Aswani S, Sabetian A Increasing migration into urbanized centers in the Solomon Islands poses a great threat to adjacent coral reef fisheries because of negative effects on the fisheries and because it further erodes customary management systems. Parrotfish fisheries are of particular importance because the feeding habits of parrotfish (scrape and excavate coral) are thought to be critical to the resilience of coral reefs and to maintaining coral reef health within marine protected areas. We investigated the ecological impact of localized subsistence and artisanal fishing pressure on parrotfish fisheries in Gizo Town, Western Solomon Islands, by analyzing the density and size distribution of parrotfish with an underwater visual census (UVC), recall diary (i.e., interviews with...

Detection of Influenza A and B Neutralizing Antibodies in Vaccinated Ferrets and Macaques Using Specific Biotin-Streptavidin Conjugated Antibodies.
Tue, 10 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 | Journal of Virological Methods
Authors: Sirskyj D, Weltzin R, Golshani A, Anderson D, Bozic J, Diaz-Mitoma F, Azizi A Several critical factors of an influenza microneutralization assay, utilizing a rapid biotin-streptavidin conjugated system for detecting influenza virus subtypes A and B, are addressed within this manuscript. Factors such as incubation times, amount of virus, cell seeding, sonication, and TPCK trypsin were evaluated for their ability to affect influenza virus neutralization in a microplate-based neutralization assay using Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. It is apparent that the amount of virus used in the assay is the most critical factor to be optimized in an influenza microneutralization assay. Results indicate that 100xTCID(50) of influenza A/Solomon Islands/03/2006 (H1N1) virus overloads ...